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December 2013 Altera Corporation Cyclone V Hard IP for PCI Express
User Guide
12. Optional Features
This chapter provides information on several additional topics. It includes the
following sections:
■ Configuration via Protocol (CvP)
■ ECRC
■ Lane Initialization and Reversal
Configuration via Protocol (CvP)
The Cyclone V architecture includes an option for sequencing the processes that
configure the FPGA and initialize the PCI Express link. In prior devices, a single
Program Object File (.pof) programmed the I/O ring and FPGA fabric before the PCIe
link training and enumeration began. In Cyclone V, the .pof file is divided into two
parts:
■ The I/O bitstream contains the data to program the I/O ring and the Hard IP for
PCI Express.
■ The core bitstream contains the data to program the FPGA fabric.
In Cyclone V devices, the I/O ring and PCI Express link are programmed first,
allowing the PCI Express link to reach the L0 state and begin operation
independently, before the rest of the core is programmed. After the PCI Express link is
established, it can be used to program the rest of the device. Programming the FPGA
fabric using the PCIe link is called Configuration via Protocol (CvP). Figure 12–1
shows the blocks that implement CvP.
Figure 12–1. CvP in Cyclone V Devices
USB Port
PCIe Port
Arria V or
Cyclone V Device
Host CPU
Config Cntl
Block
Active Serial or
Active Quad
Device Configuration
Download cable
PCIe Link
used for
Configuration
via Protocol (CvP)
Serial or
Quad Flash
Hard IP
for PCIe
December 2013
UG-01110-1.5
- User Guide 1
- Contents 3
- Chapter 7. IP Core Interfaces 4
- Chapter 9. Reset and Clocks 5
- Chapter 18. Debugging 8
- 1. Datasheet 9
- 1–2 Chapter 1: Datasheet 10
- Features 10
- Notes to Table 1–2: 11
- Release Information 12
- Device Family Support 12
- Configurations 12
- Debug Features 13
- IP Core Verification 14
- Recommended Speed Grades 15
- 1–8 Chapter 1: Datasheet 16
- Hard IP for PCI Express 17
- Qsys Design Flow 25
- Generating the Testbench 26
- Simulating the Example Design 27
- Modifying the Example Design 34
- Running Qsys 36
- Table 3–5 38
- On Chip r 40
- Direct BFM’s shared memory 47
- {*reconfig_xcvr_clk*} 50
- Compiling the Design 51
- Programming a Device 51
- System Settings 54
- Port Functions 55
- Error Reporting 57
- 31 19 18 17 16 15 14 58
- Power Management 59
- Legacy Interrupt 63
- Base Address Registers 66
- PCI Express/PCI Capabilities 67
- Header 68
- 6. IP Core Architecture 75
- Avalon-ST Interface 77
- RX Datapath 77
- TX Datapath 77
- Altera FPGA 77
- Clocks and Reset 78
- Interrupts 79
- Transaction Layer 79
- Protocol Layers 80
- Configuration Space 81
- Data Link Layer 81
- Figure 6–4. Data Link Layer 82
- Physical Layer 83
- Figure 6–5. Physical Layer 84
- Multi-Function Support 86
- PCI Express Avalon-MM Bridge 86
- Avalon-MM Bridge TLPs 88
- Figure 6–9. Poor Address Map 93
- RX Block 97
- Avalon-MM RX Master Block 97
- TX Block 98
- Interrupt Handler Block 98
- 7. IP Core Interfaces 99
- Note to Table 7–1: 100
- RX Port 102
- Avalon-ST RX Interface 104
- Note to Figure 7–8: 109
- Avalon-ST TX Interface 114
- Note to Table 7–4: 117
- ECRC Forwarding 122
- Clock Signals 122
- Reset Signals 123
- and the LTSSM L0 state 125
- ECC Error Signals 126
- Interrupts for Endpoints 126
- Interrupts for Root Ports 127
- Completion Side Band Signals 127
- Specification, Rev. 2.1 129
- D E F 0 1 2 3 132
- Notes to Table 7–12: 133
- LMI Signals 137
- LMI Read Operation 138
- LMI Write Operation 138
- Power Management Signals 139
- (Full-Featured Qsys) 141
- Completer-Only Single DWord 142
- RX Avalon-MM Master Signals 144
- Transceiver Reconfiguration 146
- Serial Interface Signals 146
- PIPE Interface Signals 150
- Test Signals 153
- Notes to Table 7–26: 154
- 8. Register Descriptions 155
- Note to Table 8–2: 156
- Note to Table 8–3: 157
- Note to Table 8–4: 157
- Note to Table 8–5: 157
- Note to Table 8–6: 158
- Note to Table 8–7: 158
- Note to Table 8–8: 159
- s and wait 162
- PCI Express Mailbox Registers 167
- Note to Table 8–30: 168
- Root Port TLP Data Registers 170
- Sending a TLP 173
- Receiving a Completion TLP 173
- Endpoints 174
- Avalon-MM Mailbox Registers 175
- Spec 2.1 176
- 9. Reset and Clocks 181
- Example Design 182
- 127 cycles 184
- 300 PPM 185
- Transceiver Clock Signals 186
- Supported Message Types 189
- Notes to Table 10–1: 191
- Receive Buffer Reordering 192
- Notes to Table 10–2: 193
- MSI Interrupts 195
- 11–2 Chapter 11: Interrupts 196
- Note to Figure 11–4: 197
- Legacy Interrupts 198
- Application Layer 199
- 11–6 Chapter 11: Interrupts 200
- MSI/MSI-X Support 201
- Qsys System 202
- 12. Optional Features 203
- ECRC on the RX Path 204
- ECRC on the TX Path 205
- 13. Flow Control 207
- 13–2 Chapter 13: Flow Control 208
- Throughput of Posted Writes 208
- Chapter 13: Flow Control 13–3 209
- 13–4 Chapter 13: Flow Control 210
- 14. Error Handling 211
- Physical Layer Errors 212
- Data Link Layer Errors 212
- Transaction Layer Errors 213
- s limit 214
- Note to Table 14–4: 215
- Figure 15–2 218
- Core User Guide 219
- 16. SDC Timing Constraints 221
- Endpoint Testbench 224
- Root Port Testbench 225
- Chaining DMA Design Examples 226
- Root Complex 227
- Chaining DMA 227
- Hard IP for 227
- PCI Express 227
- Note to Table 17–2: 232
- Note to Table 17–4: 233
- Test Driver Module 236
- DMA Write Cycles 237
- DMA Read Cycles 239
- Root Port Design Example 240
- Root Port 241
- Variation 241
- (variation_name.v) 241
- Root Port BFM 242
- BFM Memory Map 244
- Figure 17–6 248
- BFM Read and Write Procedures 250
- BFM Procedures and Functions 251
- BFM Configuration Procedures 256
- Shared Memory Constants 257
- 18. Debugging 271
- 18–2 Chapter 18: Debugging 272
- Link Training 272
- Chapter 18: Debugging 18–3 273
- 18–4 Chapter 18: Debugging 274
- Chapter 18: Debugging 18–5 275
- Setting Up Simulation 276
- Chapter 18: Debugging 18–7 277
- Use Third-Party PCIe Analyzer 278
- BIOS Enumeration Issues 278
- Notes to Table A–7: 280
- Chapter : A–3 281
- Notes to Table A–16: 282
- Additional Information 283
- Info–2 Revision History 284
- How to Contact Altera 285
- Typographic Conventions 286
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